238 houses for sale in Portola Hills

Step onto Woodgrove Road and the eucalyptus take over. Set in Lake Forest's sought-after Shadow Glen community, this 2,372-square-foot home offers three bedrooms, two and a half baths, and the kind of privacy that's hard to find this close to everything. Dual-pane windows frame the trees throughout, bringing in soft natural light while keeping the home quiet and comfortable year-round. The main level is made for both everyday living and entertaining. A bright formal living room greets you at the entry, while the spacious family room is anchored by a dramatic stone fireplace and warm wood-look flooring, with sliding glass doors opening straight to the backyard. The updated kitchen features maple cabinetry, granite countertops, stainless steel appliances, recessed lighting, and a window over the sink, and flows to a separate dining area for easy gatherings. Upstairs, the primary suite is a quiet retreat with soaring vaulted ceilings and windows that look out into the treetops. Two additi

This beautifully updated and ideally situated in the desirable Cordova North community of Mission Viejo, this 4 bedroom, 3 bath home offers access to Lake Mission Viejo and a thoughtfully designed, highly functional floor plan. A convenient main level bedroom and full bath provide added flexibility for guests, multigenerational living or a private home office. The newly renovated kitchen features new cabinetry, quartz countertops, a stylish backsplash, stainless steel appliances, including a new stove and microwave. The bathrooms have also been recently refreshed with new toilets and faucets. Additional interior upgrades include luxury vinyl plank flooring, wainscoting along the stairway, new interior doors and hardware throughout. Major improvements include a PEX re-pipe and a newer HVAC system, offering added comfort and peace of mind. Outside, low-maintenance artificial turf enhances both the front and rear yards, while the backyard features a fun checker-pattern patio and the added

Rare panoramic view home with extensive brand-new upgrades! Welcome to this exceptional residence in the highly sought-after Baker Ranch community, where breathtaking views and beautifully updated interiors create a truly special home. Enjoy sweeping panoramic vistas of rolling hills, mountains, sparkling city lights, park and greenbelt scenery, and even the distant coastline. Spectacular sunsets and nightly Disneyland fireworks can be enjoyed from the backyard, second-floor balcony, and primary bedroom—an extraordinary view setting that is truly hard to find. This stunning home has just undergone extensive renovations and is beautifully refreshed for its next owner. Brand-new grey waterproof vinyl flooring has been installed throughout the home except the bathrooms, complemented by fresh new interior paint throughout. The kitchen features brand-new quartz countertops and quartz backsplash, along with new lighting, creating a bright and contemporary space for everyday living and entert

Welcome Home! This home is stunning. An exceptionally gorgeous & spacious end unit townhome, in the pristine Terracina community in the heart of town! Lots of extra street parking behind home. Literally steps away. Beautiful 2 bedrooms plus a large loft (can be converted to 3rd bedroom) end unit townhome (sharing ONLY 1 wall with a neighbor) is rarely on the market! Tall entry door opens to a spacious living with soaring ceiling, gas fireplace, and glazed windows filling the room with natural light and airy feeling. Sliding glass door to the outdoor patio, a lovely patio to relax at the end of the day. There isn't a squate inch of space wasted anywhere. The Kitchen? If a picture is worth a thousand words, there isn't enough space here to give it justice. We invite you to see the pictures. A chef's dream! Inside laundry room and an extra storage space under a staircase. Spacious Primary bedroom upstairs has a walk-in closet, ceiling fan, wall window shutters. Large open loft is perfect

Rarely available on the market! Situated on a quiet Cul-De-Sac, this Single Story, Madrid Del Lago home showcases beautiful views of Lake Mission Viejo, Saddleback Mountain and city lights at night. The property boasts an open, flowing floor plan with 3 bedrooms and 2 bathrooms. The spacious family room with cozy fireplace flows seamlessly into the kitchen. The bright living room features vaulted ceilings that create an open, spacious feel. The kitchen and living room look out on the fully tiled backyard with pond and waterfall. Abundant windows and sliding doors fill the home with natural light. The spacious primary suite looks out on the backyard with a sliding door for ease of access to the backyard and maximum natural light. Minutes away from Mission Viejo Lake, dining and all Mission Viejo has to offer! All windows and sliding doors were changed within the last two years. Home includes solar

Imagine a home where peaceful mornings, private outdoor living & afternoons at the lake are simply part of everyday life. Welcome to 22071 Teresa. Tucked at the end of a peaceful cul-de-sac just a half mile from Lake Mission Viejo, this single-level 3-bedroom, 2-bath home blends privacy, character and versatility that makes every day feel a little like vacation. With its varied rooflines, brick façade, mature palms & expansive paver driveway, the home makes a charming first impression. Step through a dramatic arched entry door onto neutral wood flooring & into a light-filled living room where cathedral ceilings & abundant windows create an airy sense of space. The adjacent dining room awaits lively conversation & evenings guests won’t want to end. The distinctive kitchen features Evergreen Fog cabinetry, black granite, stainless appliances, water filtration & a charming garden window—the ideal sunlit spot to grow fresh herbs. Open to the kitchen, the family room is warmed by wood-panel

Welcome to your private tropical paradise. This rare, single-story, three-bedroom, two-bathroom pool home offers a unique opportunity, complete with an enclosed outdoor patio for year-round entertaining. An upgraded paver driveway and inviting courtyard lead into an open, flowing floor plan filled with natural light. Beautiful mature landscaping surrounds the pool and spa, setting the mood for a stunning personal oasis in the highly desirable Madrid neighborhood of Mission Viejo. Key upgrades include a new HVAC system, re-piped PEX plumbing, an updated kitchen, and a newly serviced and upgraded pool heater and filter. Located in a master-planned community, this home offers access to highly regarded schools, Lake Mission Viejo, parks, hiking trails, shopping, and magnificent tree-lined streets—making it an incredible value

Nestled in the highly appealing North Lake Forest district, surrounded by parks, greenbelts and upscale residential homes rests this charming 2 bed 2.5 bath, Grandview Crest Townhome. As you approach the front of the house you notice a quaint patio area just perfect for lounging, barbequing, entertaining or even creating your own little gardening oasis. Upon entering the home though the front door, you will find a light and bright Livingroom with recessed lighting, updated dual pane sliding glass door and a custom-built TV niche that allows for a large flat screen TV, stereo speaker system and storage area. As you pass by the remodeled downstairs guest bathroom and into the kitchen and dining area you find that the kitchen has been updated with stainless-steel appliances, modern self-closing shaker cabinets, granite counter tops and a breakfast counter. Next to the kitchen is the dining area with new style ceiling fan, dual pane windows and room for a 4 or 6 chair dining table. Both ki

Upgraded Mission Viejo home with self-contained GUEST HOUSE on a corner lot, directly across the street from Aurora Park. This beautifully, two-story home blends turnkey comfort with rare flexibility. Step inside to a bright, open-concept main level where the kitchen, dining, and living areas flow together as one expansive gathering space that is ideal for everyday living and effortless entertaining. Upgraded throughout and truly move-in ready, this home offers five bedrooms and five bathrooms, including two private master bedrooms with en suite baths. One downstairs and one upstairs. Offering multi-generational flexibility or a private guest retreat. Setting this home further apart is the attached GUEST HOUSE with separate laundry, kitchen, bathroom, bedroom, and private entry — perfect as in-law or maid's quarters, a home office, or a separate long/short term rental for additional income. Out back, an entertainer's dream awaits with a sparkling pool and spa, built-in BBQ island, and

Tucked away in beautiful Mission Viejo on a family friendly cul-de-sac near Lake Mission Viejo, this inviting home offers a wonderful blend of comfort, privacy, and an exceptional Southern California lifestyle. From the moment you enter, soaring ceilings in the living room create a bright, open, and airy atmosphere. The heart of the home is the spacious kitchen and adjoining family room, designed for both everyday living and effortless entertaining. The kitchen features updated cabinetry and countertops, a convenient breakfast bar, and a newer dishwasher. The family room showcases a beautiful fireplace, large picture window, and sliding glass doors that open seamlessly to the backyard. Step outside to your own private retreat, surrounded by lush greenery. The backyard is ideal for relaxing, entertaining, and enjoying sunny California days, with a sparkling salt water pool and spa providing the perfect centerpiece. Resurfaced pool, updated hardscape, and a fun pool slide create an invit

Ideally situated within the coveted Pacific Hills community, 43 Cantata enjoys a prime elevated setting with beautiful CANYON and CITY VIEWS from the backyard, offering 4 bedrooms, 2.5 baths, a spacious LOFT/office, and approximately $171,000 in recent improvements. Beautifully maintained with HARDWOOD FLOORING and thoughtfully enhanced, the residence pairs LIGHT FILLED INTERIORS with an impressive collection of aesthetic and MAJOR SYSTEM UPGRADES. The well-designed floor plan offers an effortless flow and highly functional living spaces, with generous gathering areas on the main level and all FOUR BEDROOMS thoughtfully positioned upstairs. An EXPANSIVE LOFT adds exceptional versatility as a home office, kid's play area, or second living area. Newer picture windows welcome abundant natural light, while PLANTATION SHUTTERS throughout lend a timeless, tailored finish. Significant improvements include a NEW ROOF with new underlayment and tile, complete WHOLE-HOUSE REPIPE, NEW high-efficie

Welcome to 26 Via Andorra, a beautifully reimagined residence in the prestigious community of Coto de Caza. Thoughtfully and completely renovated with high-quality materials and modern elegance, this exceptional home offers a refined blend of sophistication, comfort, and timeless design. From the moment you enter, you’ll appreciate the attention to detail and elevated finishes throughout. The thoughtfully designed interior creates a seamless flow between stylish living spaces, offering an inviting setting for everyday living and entertaining. The beautifully updated kitchen showcases a modern aesthetic with quality finishes and is complemented by spacious living areas filled with natural light. The primary suite provides a peaceful retreat, while the additional bedrooms offer flexibility for family, guests, or a home office. Every detail of this renovation has been carefully considered to create a home that feels fresh, sophisticated, and move-in ready. Located in the highly sought-aft

Welcome to this beautifully remodeled pool home, ideally situated on a quiet cul-de-sac in Mission Viejo’s highly desirable Madrid neighborhood. Designed for comfortable living and effortless entertaining, this impressive residence features four spacious bedrooms, three bathrooms, vaulted ceilings, luxury vinyl flooring, fresh interior and exterior paint, upgraded double paned windows, newer HVAC and three-car garage. The open-concept main level has been thoughtfully redesigned by removing walls to create a bright, welcoming flow between the living areas and remodeled kitchen. Highlights include updated kitchen cabinetry, quartzite countertops, double breakfast bars, built-in wine refrigerator, Bosch dishwasher, GE Profile three door refrigerator, microwave and five burner stove. The spacious primary suite features a sitting area with a fireplace, new paint, luxury vinyl flooring and a luxurious bathroom with new dual-sink vanity, updated mirrors, and a beautifully finished shower. Ste

Welcome to this beautifully updated home nestled on a large, private corner lot with no HOA! Offering the perfect blend of comfort, style, and functionality, this property is packed with upgrades both inside and out. Step inside to discover a remodeled kitchen, updated bathrooms, and a spacious family room designed for everyday living and entertaining. The home features elegant wood plantation shutters, crown molding throughout, dual-pane windows, newer tile flooring downstairs, and newer carpet upstairs. With four bedrooms, one currently configured as a private office, there's flexibility for today's lifestyle. Outside, you'll enjoy your own backyard retreat complete with a beautiful rock waterfall, a detached game room, and a separate storage shed. There's also RV or boat parking, making this property ideal for outdoor enthusiasts. Modern conveniences include a tankless water heater, Tesla charger, Pure Life water softener system, and Owned Solar Panels. With its exceptional privacy,

Welcome home to this light and bright single-level gem, perfectly tucked into a serene setting in the heart of Mission Viejo. This single-level home feels less like a house and more like a private retreat. Between the sun-filled interior and the sprawling grounds that wrap around it, this is a property that's genuinely hard to leave. At approx. 1,560 square feet, this 3-bedroom, 3-bath home strikes that rare balance of being spacious enough to spread out, yet cozy enough to feel like home. Mid-century ranch lines give it timeless character, while the neutral luxury vinyl flooring throughout keeps things fresh and ready to move right in. Natural light pours through the home, and the living room's high ceilings give it an airy, easygoing warmth that's felt as soon as you walk through the door. The kitchen was fully remodeled in 2020 and is truly the heart of the home, featuring a large sit-at island, ample storage, new cabinetry, and gorgeous quartz counters. A gas range and stainless ap

Price improved to $879,000. Welcome to this inviting 2 bedroom, 1 bathroom Mission Viejo home offering 822 square feet of thoughtfully updated living space on a corner lot in a highly sought-after neighborhood. The home features an updated kitchen, updated bathroom, upgraded flooring, whole-house repiping, dual-pane windows, and a brand-new water heater, along with central air conditioning and a whole-house fan for added comfort. The backyard provides a great setting for outdoor entertaining and enjoying the Southern California lifestyle. The attached two-car garage features tiled flooring and air conditioning, creating a versatile space for parking, storage, hobbies, a home gym, or other uses. Make your monthly payment work for you. Seller may be willing to contribute toward a rate buydown or allowable buyer closing costs with an acceptable offer, and is also open to considering a lease-to-own option for a qualified buyer. Ask the listing agent about flexible terms

Welcome to this recent upgraded, immaculate and move. In.ready 2 story home located in the highly desirable Sterling Heights community of Lake forest. This beautiful home features 3 bedrooms, 2.5 bathrooms, with 1,419 square feet, The whole house has been installed New dual. Pane window and sliding glass door, New Vinyl flooring on the staircase and throughout all upstairs bedrooms, Freshly painted interior and exterior. Nature lights fills the spacious living room, which features a wet bar and flows seamlessly into the updated kitchen, complete with granite countertops. Upstairs, the Large primary suite offers a recently remodeled en-suite bathroom featuring a lifetime warranty through Home Depot, along with walk-in closet. Water softener located in the garage. Step outside to a private backyard oasis featuring an impressive collections of mature fruit trees. Orange, Apple, Avocado, Lemon, pink guava, apricot, key lime, persimmon, peach, with plenty of space to relax or BBQ with frien

(Price improvement + seller-provided credit) Rare corner residence in Lake Forest’s highly desirable Serrano Summit community. Built by Lennar in 2021, 244 Siena offers 3 bedrooms, 3.5 bathrooms, approximately 1,789 sq. Ft. a direct-access 2-car garage, enhanced privacy, abundant natural light, and a peek park view. The bright open-concept layout features 9-foot ceilings and a designer kitchen with a large center island, generous cabinetry, pantry storage, and a full-height backsplash. A private entry-level bedroom with a full bath offers flexibility for guests, multigenerational living, or a home office. Upstairs, the primary suite includes dual sinks, ample storage, and a walk-in closet, along with an additional bedroom and convenient laundry area. Additional features include low-maintenance turf, Ring doorbells, security sensors, energy-efficient construction, and a 200-amp electrical panel ready for a future EV charger. Residents enjoy resort-style amenities including a clubhouse,

Beautifully updated end-unit townhome in the desirable San Remo community of Lake Forest! Ideally located against a private hillside with no direct rear neighbors, this move-in ready home offers exceptional privacy and an open floor plan with soaring ceilings, abundant natural light, a cozy fireplace, and updated recessed lighting throughout the kitchen, dining area, living room, and stairway. The remodeled kitchen features sleek modern cabinetry, a quartz waterfall peninsula, an induction cooktop, newer stainless steel appliances, and designer finishes. Ceiling fans in the living room and both bedrooms enhance year-round comfort. Upstairs are two spacious bedrooms, including a remodeled primary suite with dual-sink vanity, oversized walk-in shower, and walk-in closet. The secondary bedroom also offers a walk-in closet, and the hall bath has been tastefully updated. Extensive upgrades include brand-new dual-pane windows, fresh interior paint, new interior doors, hardware and faucets th

Location, Location! Located in the hills of Melinda Heights this home is beautiful and spacious. Tons of natural light and soaring ceilings. Option to easily add a third bedroom. Loft. This kitchen is open to both the breakfast area and formal dining room and living room. This spectacular chefs kitchen boasts new appliances, Beautiful granite counters and is light and bright. There is an indoor laundry room and tons of storage throughout this beautiful home. The large living area has a fireplace and opens to the secret garden backyard, perfect for relaxing after a long day or a family barbeque. At the top of the stairs you will find a perfect area for a desk or study. The largest bedroom has his and her closets, dual sinks, large soaking tub and separate shower. The oversized two car garage has direct access to your new home. Award winning Melinda Heights elementary is just across the street. Community amenities include a pool, spa and jacuzzi. Residents enjoy access to all of Samlarc'

Located in Mission Viejo’s premier guard-gated SENIOR community of Palmia. This spacious and inviting home features 3 bedrooms, 3 bathrooms, plus a dedicated office. Step inside to a light and bright formal living and dining room combination featuring a cozy fireplace, plantation shutters, and direct access to the incredible, extra-large backyard. The spacious kitchen offers a large center island, quartz countertops, stainless steel appliances, ample workspace, and convenient direct access to the garage. The downstairs primary suite is generously sized and features plantation shutters and direct access to the backyard. The primary bathroom includes a dual-sink vanity, large walk-in shower, private commode area, and walk-in closet. A second downstairs bedroom has no closet, and conveniently located adjacent to the hall bathroom. Upstairs, there is en-suite bedroom, ideal for guests. The other room has built-in office area, that offers the flexibility to be converted into an additional b

Welcome to Forest Gardens, a beautifully maintained 55+ senior community in the heart of Lake Forest. This spacious double-wide home offers 1,344 sq. Ft. of comfortable living space, featuring 2 bedrooms, 2 bathrooms, and an additional den or office area—perfect for working from home or relaxing with a good book. Inside, you'll find carpeted flooring throughout, with tile in the kitchen for easy maintenance. The kitchen opens up to a bright and airy living space, and there’s a dedicated laundry area with washer and dryer hookups for your convenience. Central A/C and heating ensure year-round comfort. Step outside to enjoy your covered carport, a long covered patio ideal for morning coffee or evening relaxation, and an additional private patio space behind the home. This home has been very well maintained and is exceptionally clean, making it move-in ready. As a resident of Forest Gardens, you'll enjoy access to fantastic amenities, including a swimming pool, spa/hot tub, tennis courts,

Beautiful end-unit townhome in the desirable Cabo Vista community of Rancho Santa Margarita, featuring an open floor plan with separate living, family, and dining areas designed for comfortable everyday living and entertaining. Interior highlights include granite countertops, a cozy fireplace, 10-foot ceilings on the main level, and a vaulted ceiling in the spacious primary bedroom. Thoughtful upgrades throughout include crown molding, custom window casings, an inside laundry room, fresh interior paint, and a recently updated A/C system. The home also offers a side-by-side 2-car attached garage. Ideally located within walking distance to Melinda Heights Elementary and Solano Park, and just minutes from Mission Viejo Lake. Enjoy access to Lago Santa Margarita Beach Club, scenic biking and hiking trails, pickleball and tennis courts, and the RSM Town Center with shopping and dining. Convenient Toll Road access makes commuting easy. An exceptional opportunity to own in one of Rancho Santa

Nestled perfectly in Southern California's Modjeska Canyon, this exquisite 10-bedroom, 8-bathroom Contemporary Ranch-style home offers an unparalleled blend of secluded natural beauty and convenient access to modern amenities. Modjeska Canyon is known for its peaceful environment, surrounded by the wilderness of the nearby Cleveland National Forest, offering a retreat from the pace of suburban Orange County. The community is characterized by a charming collection of rustic cabins, custom homes, and farmhouses all set within a tight-knit, independently-minded community. Despite its serene, woodland canyon setting, this home is remarkably accessible. Essential shopping destinations, like target, Walmart, and Costco, are no more than fifteen minutes away, while the nearby shopping centers host restaurants and boutique stores alike, providing the best of both worlds. The canyon itself is a registered California Historic Landmark, featuring the historic Modjeska House, adding to the unique

Positioned behind the gates of Saddle Crest, this thoughtfully designed single-level residence, completed in 2023, captures panoramic views across Silverado Canyon and Saddleback Valley from an elevated 18,364-square-foot homesite. Clean architectural lines, soaring ceilings, warm natural materials, and walls of glass establish a seamless connection between the interior and the surrounding landscape. Embracing indoor-outdoor living, the great room is defined by custom built-ins, a linear fireplace finished in herringbone tile, integrated surround sound, and wrap-around disappearing glass doors to a covered entertaining terrace. With sweeping vistas, the dining area adjoins an expansive kitchen that provides premier appliances, including a Café six-burner range with grill and griddle, a built-in Sub-Zero refrigerator, extensive custom cabinetry, a walk-in pantry, and an oversized quartz waterfall island with breakfast bar. The outdoor spaces include a striking pool with a Baja shelf and

Lowest priced home per sqft in the golf course area! *. Priced for a quick sale! Welcome to this beautiful townhome in the desirable Serabrisa community of Rancho Santa Margarita. This spacious home features 2 generously sized bedrooms, 2 full bathrooms, and a convenient powder room on the main level. One of the home's standout features is its exceptionally large private patio, one of the largest in the neighborhood. Ideally positioned along the greenbelt and facing the tot-lot, the patio is surrounded by mature trees and offers a wonderful space to relax, entertain, or enjoy the built-in gas BBQ. Inside, the inviting eat-in kitchen features granite countertops and Whirlpool appliances, while the spacious living room offers plantation shutters and a cozy fireplace. The generously sized dining area opens directly to the patio, creating an ideal indoor-outdoor living experience. The oversized primary suite enjoys peaceful views of the surrounding trees and features a spacious en-suite ba

Beautifully upgraded and ideally situated in Mission Viejo’s highly sought-after Madrid Del Lago neighborhood, this exceptional residence features the perfect blend of luxury, comfort, and quintessential California living. Perched high on a premium corner lot at the end of a desirable single-loaded street, this highly and fully remodeled home captures panoramic views of the beautiful Mission Viejo valley and lake. With only one neighboring home and ample parking, this is a truly special location. A striking custom door entry welcomes you into a light-filled interior featuring luxurious solid wood flooring and an inviting, open-concept flow. The spacious living room seamlessly connects to the dining area and beautifully remodeled kitchen, creating an ideal setting for both everyday living and entertaining. The kitchen showcases high-end white cabinetry, top-of-the-line stainless steel Viking appliances, abundant storage, stunning Decotex countertops and a charming casual dining nook. Th

Welcome Home! Painted Trails is a lovely community with walking trails, 2 pools, basketball courts and more; a truly special place. This home overlooks the Oso reservoir with views throughout. Open the front door and WOW! Gorgeous flooring, open floor plan that's perfect for entertaining and what a view! The kitchen is a chef's dream; remodeled and ready for your use! Kitchen has all new appliances that would make'Gordon Ramsey' look twice! Off the kitchen eating area there is a gorgeous pool, spa and grill and did I mention VIEW! Enjoy the scenic and serene backyard with the walking trail right there as well. This home features 5 bedrooms with one bedroom downstairs. Upstairs are 4 additional nice sized bedrooms and a great sized primary. There is also a nook at the top of the stairs that would make a great reading spot, office or even extra storage. Primary bedroom is upstairs overlooking the pool and reservoir. Attention to detail and pride of ownership are prevalent throughout the

Just fell out of escrow! This is a captivating single-family residence nestled in the heart of Lake Forest, where space meets comfort in a stunning 2963 sq. Ft. home. This property is an exceptional find, boasting 5 generous bedrooms & 3 well-appointed bathrooms, designed to cater to everyone's needs. The home's layout is perfectly throughout, with one downstairs bedroom & one downstairs bathroom for ease & accessibility. The heart of this home is undoubtedly the updated kitchen featuring an oversized pantry, perfect for the inspired home chef. As you step through the front door, the breathtaking high ceilings create an open & airy atmosphere, while the allure of two cozy fireplaces in the living room & family room invites to you relax and unwind. This home has beautiful Plantation Shutters. The family room, complete with a charming coffee bar, ensures a warm space for intimate gatherings. Indoor laundry room features a sink, lots of cabinets & laundry shoot! Upstairs the expansive pri

Welcome to 27332 Las Nieves, a beautifully reimagined single-story residence set on one of Mission Viejo's most coveted streets, where elevated finishes, thoughtful design, and effortless California living come together in a completely transformed 3 bedroom, 2 bathroom home that rises above anything else available in its class right now. From the moment you arrive, the fresh interior and exterior paint, new energy-efficient dual-pane windows, and clean modern presence signal that no detail was overlooked in this comprehensive full renovation. Inside, new luxury vinyl plank flooring runs throughout the entire home, complemented by recessed LED lighting and an updated HVAC system, while the open-concept layout creates a natural and seamless flow between living, dining, and entertaining spaces filled with natural light. The kitchen is the centerpiece of the home, showcasing quartz countertops, a large center island, semi-custom soft-close cabinetry, premium stainless steel appliances, and